Numerical simulation of nearshore circulation on field topography under random wave environment     

Junwoo Choi  Sung Bum Yoon 《Coastal Engineering》2011

In order to investigate surf zone hydrodynamics through two-dimensional numerical simulations of nearshore circulation under random wave environment, a nearshore circulation model, SHORECIRC, and a random wave model, SWAN, were combined and utilized. Using this combined model, a numerical simulation of the October 2, 1997 SandyDuck field experiment was performed. For this simulation, field topography and an input offshore spectrum were constructed using observed data sets synchronized with the experiment. The wave-breaking model in SWAN was modified by using breaker parameters varied according to bottom slope. The simulation results were compared with the experimental data, which revealed a well-developed longshore current, as well as with results using other combinations which were SHORECIRC and its original monochromatic wave-driver, and SHORECIRC and the default of SWAN. The results from the novel combined model agreed well with the experimental data. The results of the present simulation also indicate that alongshore field topography influences shear fluctuation of longshore currents.  相似文献   

Numerical studies of methane production from Class 1 gas hydrate accumulations enhanced with carbon dioxide injection   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M.D. White  S.K. WurstnerB.P. McGrail 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(2):546-560

Class 1 gas hydrate accumulations are characterized by a permeable hydrate-bearing interval overlying a permeable interval with mobile gas, sandwiched between two impermeable intervals. Depressurization-induced dissociation is currently the favored technology for producing gas from Class 1 gas hydrate accumulations. The depressurization production technology requires heat transfer from the surrounding environment to sustain dissociation as the temperature drops toward the hydrate equilibrium point and leaves the reservoir void of gas hydrate. Production of gas hydrate accumulations by exchanging carbon dioxide with methane in the clathrate structure has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments and proposed as a field-scale technology. The carbon dioxide exchange technology has the potential for yielding higher production rates and mechanically stabilizing the reservoir by maintaining hydrate saturations. We used numerical simulation to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of using carbon dioxide injection to enhance the production of methane from Class 1 gas hydrate accumulations. Numerical simulations in this study were primarily concerned with the mechanisms and approaches of carbon dioxide injection to investigate whether methane production could be enhanced through this approach. To avoid excessive simulation execution times, a five-spot well pattern with a 500-m well spacing was approximated using a two-dimensional domain having well boundaries on the vertical sides and impermeable boundaries on the horizontal sides. Impermeable over- and under burden were included to account for heat transfer into the production interval. Simulation results indicate that low injection pressures can be used to reduce secondary hydrate formation and that direct contact of injected carbon dioxide with the methane hydrate present in the formation is limited due to bypass through the higher permeability gas zone.  相似文献   

Analysis of formation pressure test results in the Mount Elbert methane hydrate reservoir through numerical simulation     

Masanori Kurihara  Akihiko SatoKunihiro Funatsu  Hisanao OuchiYoshihiro Masuda  Hideo NaritaTimothy S. Collett 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(2):502-516

Targeting the methane hydrate (MH) bearing units C and D at the Mount Elbert prospect on the Alaska North Slope, four MDT (Modular Dynamic Formation Tester) tests were conducted in February 2007. The C2 MDT test was selected for history matching simulation in the MH Simulator Code Comparison Study. Through history matching simulation, the physical and chemical properties of the unit C were adjusted, which suggested the most likely reservoir properties of this unit. Based on these properties thus tuned, the numerical models replicating “Mount Elbert C2 zone like reservoir”, “PBU L-Pad like reservoir” and “PBU L-Pad down dip like reservoir” were constructed. The long term production performances of wells in these reservoirs were then forecasted assuming the MH dissociation and production by the methods of depressurization, combination of depressurization and wellbore heating, and hot water huff and puff. The predicted cumulative gas production ranges from 2.16 × 10⁶ m³/well to 8.22 × 10⁸ m³/well depending mainly on the initial temperature of the reservoir and on the production method.This paper describes the details of modeling and history matching simulation. This paper also presents the results of the examinations on the effects of reservoir properties on MH dissociation and production performances under the application of the depressurization and thermal methods.  相似文献   

A two-phase approach to wave-induced sediment transport under sheet flow conditions     

Xin Chen  Yong Li  Xiaojing Niu  Daoyi Chen  Xiping Yu 《Coastal Engineering》2011

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不同流路时期黄河三角洲沿岸余流场的数值对比研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛兴华  李国胜  王海龙 《海洋通报》2011,30(2):142

黄河入海流路改道变迁频繁,有关不同流路时期沿岸余流场变化的认识将为理解入海泥沙输送特征的变动和沿岸泥沙动态提供重要的水动力基础,通过数值对比实验,以分处黄河三角洲北、东两岸的钓口和清水沟流路为例,对比研究了两个流路基本稳定后的初期黄河三角洲沿岸余流场结构及其流速的变化.结果表明,虽然两个不同流路时期沿岸流系的总体趋势存在一致性,但不同岸段的局部余流场结构、流速及其分布在不同季节都发生了程度不一的变化.在流场结构上,夏、冬季的差异很小,而春、秋季的差异相对较大,特别是在10m以浅的近岸海域的变化明显.高流速区分布,在钓口流路时期具有随各突出沙嘴而生的特点,清水沟流路时则是沿岸线走向、呈条带状延伸,且其分布范围更大、中心流速更高.沿岸余流流速在清水沟流路时期比钓口流路时期大很多,以清水沟口以南海域的流速增加最显著,北岸海域其次,清水沟口以北、神仙沟以南岸段的变化最小,在季节上以冬季增幅最明显.两个不同流路时期沿岸潮致余流场的总体特征也是基本一致的,分布于甜水沟沙嘴(清水沟口)南、北部的涡环结构在清水沟流路时期明显向东北方向移动,清水沟流路时期神仙沟和甜水沟等原沙嘴附近的潮致余流流速存在明显的减小.  相似文献   

《黑龙江省地图集》的设计研究     

赵友兴 《地理信息世界》2011,9(6):57-59

介绍《黑龙江省地图集》的设计、编辑特色,图集的内容结构,并重点对市县图组的编排顺序、市县地理方位的表述进行研究.  相似文献   

Plant productivity, predation, and the abundance of black-tailed jackrabbits in the Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico     

L. Hernández  J.W. Laundré  K.M. GrajalesG.L. Portales  J. López-PortilloA. González-Romero  A. GarcíaJ.M. Martínez 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(11):1043-1049

The abundance of black-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus californicus) can fluctuate dramatically. We used data from the Chihuahuan Desert to test the relative strength of top-down (predation) or bottom-up (food availability) limiting forces. Predictions for the top-down hypothesis were, 1) a positive relationship between coyote (Canis latrans) and jackrabbit abundance (numerical response) and 2) a positive relationship between percent occurrence of jackrabbits in coyote scats and jackrabbit abundance (functional response). Predictions for the bottom-up hypothesis were, 1) plant productivity is directly related to precipitation, 2) jackrabbit abundance is positively related to precipitation and plant productivity, and 3) changes in abundance of jackrabbits over the reproductive season will be directly related to precipitation and plant productivity. We found a limited numerical response but no functional response of coyotes to jackrabbit abundance. Forb productivity was significantly related to annual precipitation levels (r² = 0.69, p = 0.002). Grass productivity was related to annual precipitation (r² = 0.34, p = 0.028). Jackrabbit abundance (r² = 0.38, p = 0.002) and changes in abundance (r² = 0.73, p < 0.001) were significantly related to precipitation and forb and grass productivity. We conclude that precipitation levels and plant productivity affect jackrabbit abundance more than predation levels.  相似文献   

油气藏水力压裂计算模拟技术研究现状与展望     

张搏  李晓  王宇  武艳芳  李关访 《工程地质学报》2015,23(2):301-310

水力压裂技术是油气藏尤其是页岩气开发中的核心技术,利用数值模拟方法进行压裂优化和产能预测又是水力压裂成功的关键。本文首先介绍了水力压裂技术的发展历程。然后从计算模型(二维模型、拟三维模型和全三维模型)和数值模拟方法(基于连续介质和基于非连续介质)两方面对油气藏开发领域的水力压裂计算模拟技术进行较全面的总结。最后,从以下3个方面指出现今研究的不足并提出了进一步的研究建议:(1)全三维模型的完善-全三维模型应当与真实的工程参数和监测数据结合,用于校正模型本身,而校正后的全三维模型又可预测和优化新的现场水力压裂作业; (2)数值模拟方法的选用-已有的水力压裂数值模拟方法种类繁多,需要针对各种方法的适用范围、计算效率和模拟效果等,进行全面的比较和优化; (3)页岩储层中天然裂缝网络的数值模拟-天然裂隙网络加剧了页岩储层力学性质的各向异性,同时水力裂缝沟通天然裂缝活化扩展是有利于储层的增渗增产,对压裂缝网的形态、尺寸和连通率等起着至关重要的作用。因此,数值计算过程中综合考虑页岩储层中天然裂缝与水力裂缝的相互作用,将是未来水力压裂模拟的热点。  相似文献   

ATLAS III in situ heating test in boom clay: Field data,observation and interpretation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G.J. Chen  X. Sillen  J. Verstricht  X.L. Li 《Computers and Geotechnics》2011

The ATLAS III small scale in situ heating test aimed at assessing the thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) effects on the Boom clay of the significant temperature gradients generated in this host rock as a consequence of the geological disposal of radioactive, heat-emitting wastes. This paper presents data on temperature, pore water pressure and total stress measured during the experiment and highlights several interesting observations regarding the thermal anisotropy and THM coupling in the Boom clay. The test has a simple geometry and well defined boundary conditions, which facilitates the comparison between measurement and numerical modeling studies. These studies included three dimensional coupled THM modeling of the test. The good agreement between measurement and numerical modeling of temperature and pore water pressure yields a set of THM parameters and confirms the thermo-mechanical anisotropy of the Boom clay.  相似文献   

Numerical predictions of the behaviour of soft clay with two anisotropic elastoplastic models     

Paulo J. Venda Oliveira  Luís J.L. Lemos 《Computers and Geotechnics》2011

The numerical predictions obtained with the Melanie and MIT-E3 models are compared. Firstly, the performance of the constitutive models is checked against undrained triaxial tests. The models are then used to replicate the behaviour of an embankment built on soft clay. The numerical results are compared with the field data in terms of settlements, lateral displacements and excess pore pressures. Additionally, the numerical predictions are also analysed in terms of yield area, contours of vertical effective stresses, horizontal effective stresses and shear stresses and in terms of effective stress paths.  相似文献